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The Late Middle Ages

Learn how the Middle Ages gave way to the Renaissance and the modern world in this excellent course by an acclaimed Medievalist and Professor of History.
Guidebook
 
 
Rated 1 out of 5 by from This site very user unfriendly. I am trying to listen to the next lesson in a course and I get notified that the network is timed out. I seem to watch any of my titles.
Date published: 2026-06-07
Rated 4 out of 5 by from A Worthy Conclusion to The Series Professor Daileader's course titled “The Early Middle Ages” was a fantastic standard-bearer and “The High Middle Ages” had too many periods of average (with some flashes). So how does “The Late Middle Ages” slot? What does it bring to the trilogy? Feels like a little of both. The lectures on events of the late Middle Ages (1300-1500 AD) are well structured and organized, replete with deep historical background, well understood origins, and thorough examinations. What stood out is that they don’t just explain the immediate precipitating origins of the specific event or intellectual movement that is being discussed in that lecture and then the event/movement itself but he provides the deep historical background that led to that event/movement so that by the time he begins to discuss the the topic at hand, you have a clear sense as to why it occurred (good examples include lecture 19’s discussion on the political dynamics surrounding Byzantium—i.e. the expansion of the Ottoman Empire---and lecture 20’s discussion of the major players on the Iberian Peninsula preceding the union of Ferdinand and Isabella). Looking for the best of the best? I submit lectures 5-6 (the Hundred Years’ War) and 20 (geopolitical history of Spain in the Middle Ages) for that honor. Lecture 20 achieves in 30 minutes what “The Other 1492” course cannot in 6 hours: paint the picture of the political dynamics on the Iberian Peninsula before 1492. The lectures on great intellectual thinkers, social dynamics, and technological advances (9-16) don’t come to life as much (though Dr. Daileader does them justice) and they could have been consolidated to leave more room for political events. Wait, we got 12-14 lectures of those already you say (depending on how you classify the Humanism movement)? True but beyond the Hussite Rebellion, the course has very little to say about The Holy Roman Empire: we get no sense of the make-up of the German kingdoms in the 1300s and 1400s or any of its Emperors. And when discussing England and France as political units, they are studied not on their own but within the context of their relationships with one another and the Papacy. We do not get a study of those kingdoms in their own right, just in light of their relations with others. However, when you step back it is hard to come to any other conclusion than this course delivers the goods. All of the elements, events, movements, and characters of the late Middle Ages are present and accounted for. It provides a worthwhile study of the two centuries of time in which Europe began its transition from medieval times to modernity. And, yes, while modern times feels like still a bit off from these two centuries (in fact the professor posits an interesting argument in the last lecture that the key characteristics and components of the Middle Ages do not fade away until three and a half centuries later--as late as the mid-nineteenth century), one can almost see the Renaissance of this time period as part of an unbroken lineage connecting to the Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment---the earmarks and mile posts that have brought us to modernity. Taking an even greater step back to assess this course’s role in concluding Dr. Daileader’s trilogy on the Middle Ages: it is a very worthy conclusion indeed. It fits right in when you consider the quality of his examinations of the great events of the period and the insight provided on the period’s great intellectual thinkers and movements. I would recommend all three courses to those enamored of the Middle Ages and to the student of history in general. I’m very happy to have journeyed on this very fascinating ride with Professor Daileader. I can walk away from it knowing I’ve gained much new insight of this period. In the future should I need a refresher on the essence of this twelve-hundred-year time period called The Middle Ages, I will know where to turn.
Date published: 2026-05-23
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Great Offering on the High Middle Ages I was browsing around for something to watch and came across a course on the French (Frankish) king, Charlemagne. I vaguely remembered him from my high school French class, and thought now was the time (50+ years later) to learn about this individual and why he was so important to history. I really enjoyed the course and Professor Daileader’s presentation. I discovered that he had several courses with GC, including a trilogy on the Middle Ages. Professor Daileader has a nice low-key delivery style, is very well organized, and slips some of his dry (nerdy?) humor in from time to time. I cannot think of any negatives, and if you have an interest in this period of history, this is an excellent course. I enjoyed it.
Date published: 2026-05-19
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Constance is NOT in Switzerland The course was fine, as are the others by Prof Daileader. But please... Constance is not in Switzerland. While it is right at the border (you can easily walk to the border from the town center), it is still in Germany. The Swiss town right next to it is called Kreuzlingen. Actually, at the time of the council, even the hinterland wasn't part of the Swiss confederacy, that only happened in 1460 and Constance itself was never Swiss. It's always so jarring, when someone, who is otherwise so firm in his subject, gets such a simple fact wrong.
Date published: 2025-09-16
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Lots of great information and stories I found the lecturer very engaging, funny at times and delivering some new information about the middle ages (at least for me). His lectures were not too fast or too slow. I have studied the middle ages both in the Great Courses and books and while some information was familiar, some was not and I enjoyed learning even more!
Date published: 2024-12-21
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Great lecturer! Professor Daileader is a fantastic lecturer. His rare display of wit is dry and so very satisfying. His command of the subject seems exhaustive. I highly recommend this lecture, and more so the entire 3-part series on the Middle Ages by Daileader! If this subject is of interest to you, you will not be disappointed and will be very pleased.
Date published: 2024-11-13
Rated 5 out of 5 by from Exceeded Expectations Just wanted to express my gratitude to the professor. I really enjoyed it and highly recommend. Great to listen to as well.
Date published: 2024-09-11
Rated 5 out of 5 by from All 3 courses were excellent! I watched all 3 middle ages courses by this professor over the last 3 months. I learned a lot and was very impressed by the professors presentation and his occasional droll humor. i can't recommend these 3 courses enough
Date published: 2024-06-04
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Late Middle Ages—Rebirth, Waning, Calamity?

01: Late Middle Ages—Rebirth, Waning, Calamity?

This lecture introduces the course and its focus on two major questions debated by historians for centuries: Did the 14th and 15th centuries mark the turning point between the medieval and the modern? Was this period a high or a low point in European history?

30 min
Philip the Fair versus Boniface VIII

02: Philip the Fair versus Boniface VIII

You'll examine the conflict between the king of France and the papacy. The results—a growth of French influence and a weakened papacy—will shape the religious history of 14th-century Europe.

30 min
Fall of the Templars and the Avignon Papacy

03: Fall of the Templars and the Avignon Papacy

Continued French defiance of papal authority generates a perception of French influence that—even though exaggerated by influential foreign voices such as Petrarch's—can only diminish the authority of an institution that aspires to universality.

30 min
The Great Papal Schism

04: The Great Papal Schism

Two unusual papal elections produce two popes, one in Rome and the other in Avignon, with each claiming legitimacy. The resulting split, complete with competing lines of popes, will divide Christian Europe for nearly two generations.

31 min
The Hundred Years War, Part 1

05: The Hundred Years War, Part 1

The political history of 14th-century Europe will be dominated by more than a century of continual conflict between France and England over the latter's claims to the French throne.

30 min
The Hundred Years War, Part 2

06: The Hundred Years War, Part 2

Although the thrones of the combatants ultimately remain unchanged, the war demonstrates the effectiveness of the longbow against knights and contributes to the emergence of larger, infantry-based armies—a trend that will soon have political and social repercussions.

30 min
The Black Death, Part 1

07: The Black Death, Part 1

With its population at a difficult level to sustain, Europe is ill-equipped to confront the calamity that arrives in 1347. Medical and cultural assumptions of the time are limited and the population drops by one-third, perhaps by one-half, in four years.

31 min
The  Black Death, Part 2

08: The Black Death, Part 2

The consequences of the Black Death and subsequent outbreaks of plague include an increase in geographical mobility and wages and a drop in rents, land values, and food prices. The result is a rising gap between rich and poor, increasing the social tensions that sometimes manifested themselves in revolt.

31 min
Revolt in Town and Country

09: Revolt in Town and Country

The Late Middle Ages witnessed a relatively high number of large-scale revolts, and you'll examine both rural and urban examples: the Peasants' Revolt in England of 1381 and the revolt of the Ciompi in Florence in 1378.

31 min
William  Ockham

10: William Ockham

You'll learn about the life and works of a man whose theological views and criticisms of the papacy made him a polarizing figure, not only during his own lifetime but for centuries to come.

31 min
John Wycliffe and the Lollards

11: John Wycliffe and the Lollards

Another controversial English Scholastic theologian has an even greater impact than Ockham, inspiring—through his ideas about the church, priesthood, and spiritual authority—the first large-scale heretical movement to emerge in medieval England.

30 min
Jan  Hus and the Hussite Rebellion

12: Jan Hus and the Hussite Rebellion

The execution of the man willing to defend Wycliffe's ideas in the Holy Roman Empire touches off a series of revolts known as the Hussite Wars, during which the Hussites become the only medieval heretical group to fight successfully for the establishment of their own church.

31 min
Witchcraft

13: Witchcraft

Although the 16th and 17th centuries were the great age of European witch hunts, the first European witch trials date to the Late Middle Ages. You'll discover the fusion of the concepts of heresy and “harmful” magic that set the stage for those witch hunts.

30 min
Christine de Pizan and Catherine of Siena

14: Christine de Pizan and Catherine of Siena

You'll look at the work of two of the late-medieval culture's most noteworthy women: one perhaps the first self-supporting female author, the other a mystic who was to become one of the first female Doctors of the Church.

30 min
Gunpowder

15: Gunpowder

The introduction of gunpowder and the weapons for it is one of the most important technological developments in late-medieval Europe, altering the balance of power and, together with other changes in military technology, forcing the medieval nobility to function less as warriors and more as courtiers.

31 min
The Printing Press

16: The Printing Press

The printing press greatly increases the efficiency with which knowledge is disseminated, making it easier for subsequent generations to build on and surpass the intellectual achievements of their predecessors.

30 min
Renaissance Humanism, Part 1

17: Renaissance Humanism, Part 1

This first of two lectures on Humanism looks at the emergence of this strong belief in the inherent goodness, intellectual capability, and dignity of the individual, combined with a profound admiration for Classical literature and art and a desire to revive the literary and artistic values of antiquity.

30 min
Renaissance Humanism, Part 2

18: Renaissance Humanism, Part 2

Continuing our discussion of Humanism, you'll look at its differences from the dominant intellectual method of the time—Scholasticism—and the role Humanist ideas were destined to play in European intellectual life.

32 min
The Fall of the Byzantine Empire

19: The Fall of the Byzantine Empire

The eastern half of the Roman Empire outlives the western half by nearly 1,000 years. This lecture traces the fall of that empire, with the resulting migration of Byzantine scholars to Italy, helping to fuel the revival of antiquity's values then taking place in the West.

32 min
Ferdinand and Isabella

20: Ferdinand and Isabella

The marriage of the heir to the throne of Aragon to the heir to the throne of Castile sets the stage for one of the most important political events of the late 15th century: the dynastic unification of most of present-day Spain.

32 min
The Spanish Inquisition

21: The Spanish Inquisition

In 1478, Ferdinand and Isabella establish the Spanish Inquisition. It is a reaction to the large number of Jews converting to Christianity in the aftermath of earlier pogroms and doubts about their sincerity, with Spanish Inquisitors likely playing a role in the decision to expel the Jews in 1492.

31 min
The Age of Exploration

22: The Age of Exploration

During the 15th century, Portuguese and Spanish explorers begin to venture down the west coast of Africa and farther out into the Atlantic Ocean, reaching places where no European, to anyone's knowledge, had ever been before—with enormous economic consequences to Europe.

30 min
Columbus and the Columbian Exchange

23: Columbus and the Columbian Exchange

Christopher Columbus's voyage to the Americas in 1492 marks a turning point not just in European history but in global history. Trading plants, animals, minerals, and diseases between the Americas and Europe quickly changed both continents.

30 min
When Did the Middle Ages End?

24: When Did the Middle Ages End?

Humanists of the Italian Renaissance came to believe they had brought the Middle Ages to an end, but there are several reasons to dispute that claim, as this closing lecture makes clear.

32 min

Overview Course No. 8296

The Late Middle Ages - the two centuries from c. 1300 to c. 1500 - might seem like a distant era, but students of history are still trying to reach a consensus about how it should be interpreted. Was it an era of calamity or rebirth? Was it still clearly medieval or the period in which humanity took its first decisive steps into modernity?

These 24 provocative lectures introduce you to the age's major events, personalities, and developments, and arms you with the essentials you need to form your own ideas about this age of extremes - an age that, according to Professor Daileader, “experiences disasters and tragedies of such magnitude that those who survive them cannot remember the like, and doubt that subsequent generations will be capable of believing their descriptions.

“You'll look at the Black Death, the carnage of frequent wars, and the religious turmoil we associate with the Middle Ages.” But you'll also look at the beginning of the intellectual and cultural movement known as Humanism, which planted the seeds of modernity. Humanism's precepts, which hearkened back to the moral inspiration inherent in classical artistic values, humans have an enormous capacity for goodness, for creativity, even for the achievement of happiness.

But these were hardly the only forces that tug modern-day historians in multiple directions. The Middle Ages was also a period when the persisting legacy of knights, serfs, and castles coexisted with the cannons and muskets newly made possible by gunpowder. With so many contradictions, it's no wonder that historians have differed widely on how to judge this era-debating even when it ended and modernity began.

About

Philip Daileader

Making courses over the years has been an honor, and I'd like to think that as The Teaching Company has grown and developed, I've developed with it.

INSTITUTION

William & Mary

Philip Daileader is a Professor of History at William & Mary. He earned his PhD in History from Harvard University. He is the author of two historical monographs: True Citizens: Violence, Memory, and Identity in the Medieval Community of Perpignan, 1162–1397, and the award-winning Saint Vincent Ferrer, His World and Life: Religion and Society in Late Medieval Europe. He is the coeditor of French Historians 1900–2000: New Historical Writing in Twentieth-Century France, and The Princeton Review named him one of the 300 best professors in the US.

By This Professor